Pepper sprays represent one of the best means of self-defense for both individuals and law enforcement agents, for they quickly eliminate threats without inflicting long term damage. While the effects of pepper spray are admittedly nasty, there's no evidence to suggest that they are in any way permanent. Rather, they're merely potent enough to provide their users with a window of escape or, in the case of officers, one in which to apprehend their subjects or de-escalate a tense situation.

Pepper spray is, quite literally, derived from pepper, much like the varieties found in your pantry or cupboard, such as cayenne or black pepper. Oleoresin capsicum, or OC, combines some 300 different types of hot pepper, all with potent organic compounds. Together, these are enough to cripple the mucous membranes and impair respiration, at least long enough for you to flee.

A lot of curious consumers inquire whether or not there are any lasting consequences for victims of pepper spray. While there are case studies to support the assertion that pepper spray can be deadly, these are few and far between. More often, subjects feel the acute effects of pepper spray for several minutes, then slowly begin to regain sight and respiratory function.

Others worry that pepper sprays may be turned by attackers on defenders, thereby negating their whole intent. The good news is that pepper spray may be wielded from afar--often 10 to 15 feet away--which lessens this likelihood. At the same time, the larger the increase in the distance, the lower your odds of scoring a direct hit on your target. While contact with the eyes, nose, and mouth is ideal, but sometimes the mere sight of a pepper spray canister is enough to deter would-be assailants.

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